Regardless of the motivation context, we used the other two performance belief (PB) measures outside of the context as rival predictors of intention and attitude (we refer to these as PB-secondary and PB-tertiary in the operational model). For example, in the hedonic context, we used not only enjoyment as the main PB variable but also learning and usefulness as rival predictors. We added these rival predictors to explore the possibility that PBs outside of the baseline expectations might also affect attitudes and continuance.