Addressing the IT business alignment conundrum remains an important area to investigate. This is demonstrated by research over the past three decades that has consistently identified IT-business alignment as a pervasive and persistent problem. An even more compelling reason is empirical evidence demonstrating the relationship between IT-business alignment and firm performance. Recent research has found an association between higher levels of IT-business alignment maturity (using the lead authors’ maturity assessment) and higher levels of firm performance. These findings add credence to the importance of achieving a higher level of IT-business alignment maturity. Luftman’s Strategic Alignment Maturity (SAM) assessment combines six different organizational components (communications, value measurement, governance, partnership, technology scope, and skills) into a strategic alignment maturity score. The purpose of this paper is to summarize recent research that demonstrates the relationship of SAM and firm performance and the results of new research applying a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis.